‘Narambaɗa’ laƙabi ne
da ake yi masa ga karyar farautarsa da ya yi wa suna Rambaɗa. An haife shi a garin Tubali
shekarar 1890. Sunansa na yanka Ibrahimu, sunan mahaifinsa Buhari Maidangwale,
sunan kakansa Abdulƙadir, sunan
mahaifiyarsa Riba.[1]
Sunan kakarsa mace Binta. Mahaifinsa Babarbare ne daga ƙasar
Nijar, mahaifiyarsa mutunniyar Badarawa ce gidan Sarkin Makaɗa Ɗangwamna.
Don haka, Narambaɗa
Wane Ne Narambaxa?
Ibrahim Narambaxa
Buhari Maidangwale Abdulqadir Tubali (1890-1963)
Aliyu Muhammadu
Bunza
Tsangayar Fasaha
da Ilmi,
Sashen Harsuna da
Al’adu,
Jami’ar
Tarayya Gusau
ABSTACT
“Who
is Narambaɗa?”
is the title of the paper under review. To give the title fair treatment, the Hausa
proverb, ‘Kamar Kumbo kamar kayanta’ (Like father, like son) was employed in
the analysis of the study. A cultural study of the available secondary sources
(published and unpublished) on the life and history of Ibrahim Narambaɗa
necessitates further investigations to ascertain the historical origin, life,
death and contributions of the great singer. The result obtained during the
field work were critically examined through his popular songs to justify the
relevance of his poetic opinions in the study of his auto-biography. Thus, (51)
verses were selected from his (40) popular songs to demonstrate who is
Narambaɗa in the world of Hausa oral songs. Furthermore, the paper raised
twelve research questions and were correctly handled by Narambaɗa in the
philosophy of his songs. Certainly, Narambaɗa’s name rings a bell in the
history of Hausa court music in Nigeria and beyond. Ibrahim Narambaɗa Buhari
Maindangwale Abdulƙadir Tubali was born in Tubali in the year 1890, died in
1963 at the age of 73. The fact that death is inevitable and so his
contributions to be forgotten. Indeed, it was in his poetic opinion that
potential singers remain alive forever.
TSAKURE
Na
yi wa takardata take: “Wane ne Narambaɗa” domin share fage masu
ayyukansa da masu son su san shi. A binciken an yi amfani da ra’in kamar Kumbo kamar kayanta
domin a fito da hoton Narambaɗa cikin waƙoƙinsa. Domin kai ga
nasarar bincike. An gabatar da rangadi, garin Tubali da masarautar da ya yi wa waƙoƙi. An tattauna da su,
da iyalansa, da abokansa da masana waƙoƙinsa da halayensa. An yi ƙoƙarin
kwatanta abubawan da aka samo da shahararrun waƙoƙinsa. Don haka,
an leƙo
fitattun waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
(40) aka tsinto ɗiyan waƙoƙi (51) aka ɗora
nazarinsu a fasula (16). Taken takardar an ɗora
shi a kan tambayoyi (12) waɗanda ake haƙiƙanin cewa binciken ya
fito da amsoshin su. Binciken ya gabatar da shaharar Narambaɗa
a fagen waƙoƙin Sarauta kuma har ya
bar duniya sai dai a ce kaico! Kama da wane ba wane ba ne. An ci nasarar fito
da sakamakon bincike (5) da shawarwari (5) domin taskace ayyukan Narambaɗa.
An haifi Ibrahim Narambaɗa Buhari Maidangwale Abdulƙadir a Tubali ƙasar Shinkafi jihar
Zamfara 1890 ya rasu 1963 yana ɗan shekara 73, a yau shekarar 2019,
yana da shekara 56 da rasuwa. Allah Ya gafarta masa. Amin!
Gabatarwa
Da wuya a faɗi wani abu sabo a kan
makaɗa
Narambaɗa
da magabata ba su hango ba.[2] Duk da
haka, ba a rasa tsintuwar dami a kala ba. Maƙasudin wannan ɗan
bincike shi ne tattaro gutsattsarin labarai da bayanai da suka shafi Narambaɗa
domin a tace fitaccen batu da zai fito da haƙiƙanin hoton Narambaɗa
a duniyar adabin Hausa. Babban buri shi ne, fayyace taƙaitaccen tarihinsa da
fasaharsa da halayensa da gurbinsa a duniyar mawaƙan baka na Hausa. Nazarin zai yi madogara da yadda waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
ke bayyana wane ne Narambaɗa ga waɗanda
suka san shi da waɗanda ba su san shi ba. Shaharar Narambaɗa a duniyar ƙasar Hausa
ta fi ta ƙasar Isa da Sarkin Gobir da yake yi wa waƙa. Waƙar Ɗanhilinge hujja
ce:
Jagora: Sarkin
Gobir na da doki irin
:Irin
dokin ga da yay yi suna
Yara: Ga
talitta komiy yi suna
:Mutane
na shagalin ganinai
Dabarun Bincike
Binciken da na yi a kan makaɗa
Narambaɗa
na tsawon shekaru 5-10 ya ba ni damar fahimtar wane ne makaɗa
Narambaɗa?
Kundin digirin farko da ya fara leƙo Narambaɗa shi ne Udu (1972). Haka kuma, Bello (1979) ya
ƙyallaro rayuwar makaɗa Narambaɗa da waƙoƙinsa. Babban aikin PhD na Sada (1982)
ba a kammala shi ba a SOAS, Jami’ar Ingila (ɗalibin ya rasu). Gusau (1987) ya
juya jerin wasu waƙoƙinsa. Bunza (1998) ya yi yunƙuri irin na wannan takarda ya
taƙaita su ga falsafar waƙoƙinsa. Shinkafi (1998) ya Harari shahararrun
waƙoƙinsa. Matsakaicin aiki da aka yi kan Narambaɗa shi ne Bunza (2009) a
matsayin wallafaffen littafi kan rayuwar makaɗa Narambaɗa da waƙoƙinsa. Ratsa
waɗannan ayyuka ya ba ni ƙarfin guiwar shiga mataki na biyu na bincikena. Na
tattauna da abokansa da ɗiyarsa Hajo da mutanen garinsu Tubali
da mutanen unguwarsu da waɗanda suka san shi suka nazarci waƙoƙinsa a Zamfara da kewayenta.[3]
Hannayena sun kai ga ayyuka da dama da aka yi a kan Narambaɗa
jiya da yau. Na samu kai ga dukkanin shahararrun waƙoƙinsa da suka bayyana a
gidajen rediyo da na garmaho da bakunan wasu haziƙai masu sha’awar waƙoƙinsa. Bayan na yi kakaci
cikin waƙoƙinsa sosai sai na shiga
hira da tattaunawa da waɗanda suka san shi a raye suka yi hulɗa
da shi, suka zaune shi, suka san wani sirri daga cikin sirrin waƙoƙinsa.[4] Wannan
ya ba ni damar tunanin cewa, lallai ina iya fitowa da kyakkyawan tarihin
Narambaɗa
da halayensa bisa ga luguden waƙoƙin da ya zuba a
rayuwarsa. Shirin shiga ruwa tun tudu ake kimtsa shi domin makaɗa
Narambaɗa
ya ce:
Jagora: Ah ji wanda bai san hanya
:Ya
yi sabko amma fa ya ɓace ya
dawo
Yara: Ila da yat tahi bai ɗora tambayan kowa ba
Gindi: Ginshimin Haliru uban zagi na Malam
Isa
:Gagarau
jikan Shehu Iro toron giwa
Ra’in Bincike
Ina ɗaya
daga cikin ɗaliban
da ke da ra’ayin cewa, a fagen ilmi, lokaci ya yi ga kowane tsuntsu ya yi kukan
gidansu. Matuƙar
muna tsayi a yi kare jini biri jini mu ƙwato ‘yancin kanmu mu
tabbatar da ƙasarmu
ta gado bisa ga dokokin da suka dace da al’adunmu, dole ilminmu na cin gajiyar
duniyarmu ya rausaya amon gangarmu ta gado.[5] Ban ce,
a yi watsi da ra’o’in bincike na Turai ba, amma da wace hujja za mu dunƙule namu idan suna isar
da saƙo
daidai da tunaninmu?[6] Na ɗora
wannan bincike a kan tunanin Bahaushe da ke cewa: “Kamar Kumbo kamar kayanta”.[7] Idan aka
sa natsuwa aka dubi tarkacen Kumbo da kyau, za a gano ina ta fito? Ina za ta? Ina kayanta na asali? Ina waɗanda ta saya? Ina waɗanda aka ara mata? Wane labari tarkacenta za su bayar na
halayenta? Babu shakka, kayan da Narambaɗa ya taskace cikin manyan waƙoƙinsa sun isa su fito da cikakken
hotonsa.
Gudummuwar
Narambaɗa da ta ƙarfafa ra’inmu ita ce:
Jagora: Ɗan bajini shi ka zama bajimi
Yara: Yai bobakali yai tozo
:Ɗan akuya na kallo.
Gindi: Na riƙa ka da girma Abdu ƙanen mai daga.
Tambayoyin Bincike
Irin wannan bincike yana buƙatar a daidaita akalarsa
ga manyan turakun da ake son a ɗaure shi. Babbar tambaya a nan ita
ce, yaya al’umma ke kallon makaɗa Narambaɗa
da yadda shi yake kallon kansa? Wane gurbi yake ciki daga cikin gurabun mawaƙan Hausa? Yaya shahararsa
take a cikin shahararrun mawaƙan
Hausa? Me ya bambanta shi da sauran mawaƙa a cikin sana’ar waƙa? Waɗanne
ne shahararrun waƙoƙinsa? Wace ce
bakandamiyarsu? Wane sirri ke cikin waƙoƙinsa na ratsa zukatan
masu sauraro? In an samu dacewa da fashin baƙin waɗannan
tambayoyi sai mu ce, komai ya yi an ba gwauro ajiyar mata. Waɗannan
tambayoyi da na tsara bayaninsu makaɗa Narambaɗa
ya ce:
Jagora: Taro na tambaye ku
:Shin
kowag ga wuta
Yara: An ka ce a ɗebo, wa ka zuwa?
:Wanda yag gani ka zuwa
:Kowas
shaida shi ka shan rana
:In bai tai ba yai batun banza
:Ko can
dauri shi batun banza
:Daɗin hwaɗi garai
Gindi: Ya ci maza yak wan shi na shire
:Gamda’aren Sarkin Tudu Alu.
Wane Ne Narambaɗa?
‘Narambaɗa’
laƙabi
ne da ake yi masa ga karyar farautarsa da ya yi wa suna Rambaɗa.
An haife shi a garin Tubali shekarar 1890. Sunansa na yanka Ibrahimu, sunan
mahaifinsa Buhari Maidangwale, sunan kakansa Abdulƙadir, sunan mahaifiyarsa
Riba.[8] Sunan
kakarsa mace Binta. Mahaifinsa Babarbare ne daga ƙasar Nijar, mahaifiyarsa
mutunniyar Badarawa ce gidan Sarkin Makaɗa
Ɗangwamna.
Don haka, Narambaɗa karen makaɗa
ne bai gaji kiɗi
ga uba ba, ga uwa ya gada.[9] Ya rasu
a 1963, a yau Satumba, 2019, Narambaɗa na da shekara 56 da
rasuwa. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara 73 bisa ga riwayarsa mai
cewa:
Jagora: Na bar ƙarya ko ina kiɗi
:Na
wuce ƙarya ko ina kiɗi
Nai sittin saba’in nika hwaɗa
:Mai
saba’in yai ƙarya
Yara: Ana ta zunɗe nai
:Ko
yaran da ag garai
:Duk
warwatse mishi sukai
:Shina yawo shi ɗai ɓaro-ɓaro
Gindi: Ya ci maza ya kwan
shina shiri
:Uban zakara dodo na Ummaru
Ga alama an yi wannan waƙar wajejen shekarar 1960 da wasu ‘yan watanni, ya rasu a
1963. Tana daga cikin waƙoƙin ƙarshe-ƙarshen rayuwarsa.
Gurbin
Narambaɗa
Cikin Gurabun Makaɗan
Hausa
Masana
adabin waƙa sun karkasa makaɗa da mawaƙan Hausa
gurbi-gurbi bisa ga tubalin waƙoƙin da suke yi da waɗanda aka fi saninsu da su.[10] Waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
sun taɓo
gurabun rukunin mawaƙan
baka da dama. A tarihi, waƙoƙin maza ya fara yi, da na
noma da kokuwa. Ya shiga cikin waƙoƙin sha’awa idan aka kalli
waƙar
Dokin Iska Ɗanhilinge.
Mawaƙin
jama’a ne idan aka waiwayi waƙoƙin Alhaji Ɗandurgu Magatakarda da
sauransu. Fitaccen mawaƙin yaƙi ne bisa ga
lura da waƙar Sarkin Kware da Ɗankulodo.[11] Ya leƙo cikin mawaƙan raha da
ban-dariya idan aka harari waƙar Sarkin
Munafukai da idon basira. Bisa ga hukuncin da ya yanke wa kansa, shi mawaƙin Sarauta ne a faɗarsa cikin Waƙar Gogarman
Tudu:
Jagora: Kak ku haɗa ni da yaro
Yara: Kun san yaro bai yi fasahata ba
Jagora: Kak ku haɗa ni da yaro
Yara: Kun san yaro bai yi zalaƙata
ba
Jagora: Ƙaryar
banza ƙaryar wohi
:Wane
yaro inda Narambaɗa
Jagora: Mai tabarukun Sarki
Gindi: Gogarman Tudu jikan Sanda
Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai Hausa.
Ya fito ƙarara cewa shi
makaɗin sarauta ne mai tabarukun
Sarki, wato wanda Sarkinsa ya sa wa albarka, ya cire kayan da ke jikinsa ya ba
Narambaɗa ya saka.[12] Wane
Sarki ne ya yi masa haka? Uban gidansa Sarkin Gobir na Isa Amadu. Narambaɗa
ya tabbatar da wannnan hasashe a bakandamiyarsa da yake cewa:
Jagora: In an ce Isa ba ka jin an ce wani Sarki
Jagora/Yara: Ni ko
duk Hausa ba ka jin waƙa bayan
tau
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamaki na Malam toron giwa
Baban Dodo ba a tammai da
batun banza.
Narambaɗa
makaɗin
fada ne, mawaƙin
sarauta, duk waƙarsa
da ba ta sarauta ba, ba ta gwada tsawo da ta sarauta domin ya fi sanin sarauta
da komai. Babban uban gidan Narambaɗa shi ne Sarkin Gobir
Amadu, wani ba shi ba ɗan rakiya ne a tafiyar Narambaɗa.
Wannan hukunci Narambaɗa ya tabbatar da shi a Bakandamiyarsa,
inda yake cewa:
Jagora: Kul na so kiɗi gidanka nikai can yaf fi
Jagora: Na Magajin Gari na Jekada Audu
Yara: Ga gidan sarki ban zuwa
:Gidan
wani mai ‘yar garka
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamaki na Malam toron giwa
Baban Dodo ba a tamma da
batun banza.
Tirƙashi! Ashe duk
wata garka in ba ta sarki ba ce ƙarama ce.
Narambaɗa A Bakin Narambaɗa
Magabata
na cewa, mutum ya fi kowa sanin kansa, don haka da dahuwa da suya da banda duk
gashi ya fi su sanin asirin wuta. Buƙatata a nan, in ɗan waiwayi wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙi da makaɗa Narambaɗa ya ambaci
sunansa da kansa mu ji yaya yake kallon kansa a sana’arsa ta waƙa. A ɗan binciken da na yi, makaɗa Narambaɗa ya ambaci
sunansa “Narambaɗa” sau shida a
cikin waƙoƙi biyar mabambanta waɗanda ke karantar da mu game da rayuwarsa da yanayinta.
Na farko,
dai ya baƙunci fadar Zazzau a zamanin Sarki
Ja’afaru ya ba Zagezagi labarin wane ne Narambaɗa? Ga abin da yake cewa:
Jagora: Narambaɗa na malamin kiɗi
Yara: In ka ce “maraba”
:Mui ta kiɗi har mu kwan bakwai
Gindi: Ɗan Isyaku Makaye
:Jafaru mai halin mazan jiya
:Zauna
da lahiya
Duk da
kasancewar Narambaɗa magori
wasa kanka da kanka, babu wani daga cikin makaɗa ko mai nazarin waƙa ko mai
sha’awar nazarin waƙoƙin Hausa da zai saurari Narambaɗa ya kasa ce masa “Malam” a fagen waƙa. Tun gabanin Narambaɗa ya kira kansa da sunan haka nan manyan mawaƙan Hausa ke yi masa suna.[13]
Na biyu,
kasancewarsa malamin kiɗa,
karatun da ya zuba a cikin waƙoƙinsa suna nan tare da sunansa har abada ba za su ɓata ba. Abin mamaki, manyan malamai sun bar duniya da
shekaru aru-aru amma ga littattafansu nan suna waƙiltarsu ka ce suna raye ba su mutu ba. Allahu Akbar! Ashe
shi ya sa Narambaɗa ya gaya wa
fadawan masarautar Isa cewa:
Jagora: Fadawa ku bugan in buge ku,
: Mui
ta hwaɗanmu
gidan duniya
Yara: Kun san ba a hwaɗa lahira
Jagora: Ko can ku ka zuwa lahira
Yara: Narambaɗa ba ya
zuwa lahira
:Ko ya zo ɗauke mai a kai
Gindi: To ya matsafa Sadauki na Audu
:Baban
Isa baban Buwai
:In donna ka gama lahiya.
Bayan ya nuna makaɗin
fada ne kuma abokin mazauna fada ne. A karatun Narambaɗa,
gawurtaccen makaɗi malami ne da ba ya mutuwa. Masarauta da sarakai
da fada da fadawa na mutuwa a daina jin labarinsu gaba ɗaya,
amma mawaƙin
da ya shahara irin sa ba ya mutuwa. Kai! Ko an ga ya mutu, mutuwa ta haƙiƙa dawowa yake yi domin a
koyaushe aka tuna hikimominsa an rera su ko ba a rera ba, ya dawo duniya.[14] Yau mutane
nawa ke tuna Sarkin Gobir Amadu da fadawansa da sarautarsa? Tirƙashi! Ga duniya ta haɗe
ko’ina ana nazarin waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
da hikimominsa. Babu wai, Sarkin Gobir Amadu da fadawansa da Narambaɗa
sun tafi lahira amma Narambaɗa ya dawo.
Na uku, yayin da ya ziyarci fadar
Kwatarkwashi zamanin Sarki Alu sunansa Narambaɗa
ya fito ƙarara
a cikin mabuɗin
ɗan
waƙarsa
da yake cewa:
Jagora: Uban kiɗi Narambaɗa
:Yau ga ni ga Kwatarkwashi
Gindi: Yai halin mazan jiya
:Ɗan
Sanda mai Kwatarkwashi
Ga alama, wannan ɗan
waƙa
ya nuna cewa Narambaɗa zuwansa na farko ne Kwatarkwashi. A
lokacin da Narambaɗa ke cikin zamaninsa, babu wani makaɗi
da ke gabansa a fagen kiɗi, shi ne uban mawaƙan zamaninsa. Ko kusa ba
yana nufin shi ne uban ƙungiyarsa
ta kiɗi
ba, a’a ha, abin nufi shi ne, a cikin sana’ar Bahaushen kiɗi
shi ne uba. Masarautu da yawa na fatar ganin Narambaɗa
fadarsu ya taya su hira, a Kwatarkwashi an sha neman ya zo, bai je ba, sai
mulkin Sarki Alu/Aliyu.[15] Duk da
kasancewar Narambaɗa makaɗin
fadar Isa, masarautu da yawa na gayyatarsa saboda shaharar fasaharsa a waƙoƙin fada.
Na huɗu,
a fadar Ƙaurar
Namoda da ya je murnar naɗin sarautar Sarki Abubakar, ya haɗa
sunansa na yanka Ibrahim da Narambaɗa wuri ɗaya
yana cewa:
Jagora: Iro Narambaɗa na
zaka murna
:In
kwan biyu in ga Abubakar
Yara: Daɗa kau na san abu ya yi
:Shiri
bajimin Mamuda
:Abu
na Namoda shirarre
Haƙiƙa na yarda da zancen
Sarkin Zazzau Jafaru da ke cewa: “abu biyu ba sa armashi sai da makaɗa,
sarauta da aure”. Wannan ɗan waƙa ya ƙara jaddada cewa, Narambaɗa
fitaccen shahararre ne a ƙasar
Zamfara, waƙar
fada ba ta armashi in ba shi a wuri. Lallai a fagen waƙar fada Narambaɗa
ne shugaba wani ba shi ba yaro ne a Zamfara, zancen nashi ƙasa ne babu kure:
Jagora: Wane yaro inda Narambaɗa
Yara: Mai tabarukun sarki
Gindi: Gogarman Tudu jikan Sanda
:Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai Hausa
Na shida, makaɗa
Narambaɗa
ya kira kansa babban kare a waƙar:
“Ya hana wargi na Malam…” Yana cewa:
Jagora: Narambaɗa babban kare na
:Sa’ad
da nai rida
Yara: Ban kashe laƙai-laƙai ba
:Ina ɓata fata
Gindi: Ya hana wargi na Malam
Babban
kare, wato babban mawaƙi
da in ya yi zambo zai muzanta mutum sosai sai an san shi ko’ina.
Waɗannan
su ne wurare shida da Narambaɗa ya kawo sunansa da kansa. An samu
wuri ɗaya
da ‘yan amshi suka ambaci sunansa cikin wata waƙar ga-ni-ga-ka tsakaninsa
da yaransa da suke cewa:[16]
Jagora: Da mai hashin wuta
:Da
mai kashin wuta
:Da
mai rabon hwaɗa
:Da
mai haɗin hwaɗa
:Su
duk huɗu sun taru sun game
:Ba
mu samu guda wanda yah hi ba
Yara: Narambaɗa komo ga gaskiya
:Mai
kashin wuta ya fi mai hashi
:Mai
rabon hwaɗa ya fi mai gami
:Ni kan
ga irin wadda nag gani
:Ka
san jimina ta hi zarvi
:Babban
guru ko tai masassara.
Dangantakar Narambaɗa
Da Makaɗan Zamfara
Narambaɗa
karen makaɗa
ne don haka wasar zumunci ke tsakaninsa da sauran takwarorin sana’arsa.[17] Ba a
samu wurin da ya yi faɗa ko mummunan zambo da cin fuska ko
cin mutuncin wani makaɗi ba. Ya tabbatar da kyakkyawar zamantakewa
a faɗarsa:
Jagora: Zamfara ba makaɗin da ka ja mani
:Baya
ga Jankiɗi sai
ko Ɗandawo
Yara: Sai Ɗandodo Alu mai taushi
:Amma
ba makaɗin
gayya ba
Gindi: Gogarman Tudu jikan Sanda
:Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai Hausa
Wannan
waskiyar da ya yi ta toge fitattun makaɗa a Zamfarar zamaninsa, ta tabbatar da soyayya
tsakaninsu.[18]
Ya ƙara
wannan ƙullin
zumunci a Bakandamiya da yake cewa:
Jagora: Na jiya Jankiɗi
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Na jiya Zamau
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Na jiya Gurso
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Na jiya Akwara
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Na jiya Ɗandawo
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Na jiya Nagaya
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa
sai nai tau
Jagora: Dodo malamin waƙa Ƙundumi Magajin Ɗanɓaidu
Yara: Ya yi tai uwar waƙa sai nai tau
Jagora: Kullun jin nikai azanci na hudo min
Jagora: In wani ya hi ni martaba ni kau na hi
wani
… … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamaki na Malam toron giwa
: Babban
Dodo ba a tamma da batun banza.
Waɗannan
jigajigan makaɗa
bakwai da ya ambata: Jankiɗi, Zamau, Gurso, Akwara, Ɗandawo, Nagaya, Dodo
Malamim Waƙa
Kundumi Magajin Ɗanɓaidu a duniyar ƙasar Zamfara, wani ba su
ba, ba fitacce ba ne a waƙar
fada. A duk ɗan
bincikena ban ci karo da wani ɗan waƙa daga cikin waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
da aka kushe su ko tsokane su ko yi musu habaici ba. Haka su ma ba su taɓa yi wa Narambaɗa ko shaguɓe ba. Hasali ma babu wani mawaƙi daga cikin
mawaƙan Zamfarar zamaninsa da ya kawo sunayen waɗannan makaɗa gaba ɗaya ba sai makaɗa Narambaɗa. Bai yi bugun gaban cewa ya fi ko ɗaya daga cikinsu ba kamar yadda bai nuna wanda ya fi shi
ba a cikinsu. Wannan ya tabbatar da kasancewar Narambaɗa cikakken wayayye wanda ya san siyasar zamantakewa.
Hoton Narambaɗa
A Duniyar Sana’o’in Da Suka Ratse Shi
Tunanin kamar Kumbo kamar kayanta ya sa
ake farauto ayyuka ko sana’o’in da mutum ya naƙalta a cikin tunaninsa da
fasahohinsa. Narambaɗa ya gaji noma kuma manomi ne, ya gaji
kokuwa kuma ya yi ta. Farauta da kamun kifi ya iya su, tarihin Narambaɗa
ba ya kammala idan ba a ambace su ba. Idan muka yi duba cikin fasahohinsa sun
yi naso ciki sosai yadda wanda duk ya san sana’o’in ya ci karo da su cikin waƙoƙinsa ya san Narambaɗa
ba ɗan
haye ba ne a ciki ɗan asali ne don ya buɗe
ido ciki sosai. Yadda ya kwatanta mai
gona da mai ga noma ya isa misali:
Yara: Mai ga noma bai yi ƙwazon mai gona ba.
Gindi: (Bakandamiya)
Ga abin da yake faɗa
a kan farauta babu kare a hannu aikin banza:
Jagora: Mai kare ka farauta
Yara: Maras kare na ta bugun haki
Jagora: Ya tayas a kashe
Yara: A bar shi nan sai haɗiyar miyau
Gindi: Jikan Mamman Tukur maza ba mata ba ne,
:Ɗan namajin duniya a gaishe ka Guraguri
A wata waƙar
yana cewa:
Jagora: Banza sha ramin maras kare
Yara: Sai kuwwa sai ko wanda yak kasa
:Ya ce masa: “Amshi rataya”
Gindi: Ya ci maza ya kwan shina shire
:Gamda’are
Sarkin Tudu Alu
Da ya zo ga kokuwa da ya gada daga
mahaifinsa Maidangwale kuma shi ya yi ta sai ya buɗe
da faɗar:
Jagora: Bamin kokuwa bai iya ba
:Shi
aka shammata kodayaushe
Yara: Ga wata kokuwa an wuce da shi
:Karsanai kakkaɓe mishi ƙasa
Gindi: Ibrahimu na Guraguri
:Mai
Shinkahi bajimin zagi
:Mu dai Allah Ya bar muna kaya.
Sanin “bami” da “shammatar kokuwa” da “karsa” sai ɗan kokuwa da masaninta. Dubi irin haƙurin
da Narambaɗa
ke ba Sarkin Kiyawa Abubakar inda yake cewa:
Jagora: Ƙaryar
banza sukai Alu
Yara: Yaro ko ga kokuwa
:Ya san mai kasai
Gindi: Kai bajimin Namoda
:Gagara
Gago na Zagi
:Iya
gaba na Modi
:Baban
Yarin Ƙaura
Mun san cewa, ido ko bai ci ba ya san
abin da ke cika masa tumbi. Duk da haka, a fagen dambe da kokuwa da sharo ƙwararre kaɗai
ke iya rarrabe buwayayye tun ba a kara ba. Irin fadamar da ta yi male-male a
Tubali da noma da kamun kifi da ake ciki sun ratsi tunanin Narambaɗa
sosai. Kasancewarsa masuncin gaske ya kwatanta sarautar gari da sarautar ruwa
yana cewa:
Jagora: Da aka ce ku gaida ɗan mai taru
:Gara
a ce mai taru
Yara: Kwak kashe kifi nai
:Sai
ya nasa gora nai
Gindi : Na yaba ka da girma Abdu ƙanen mai daga
:Kan da mu san kowa, kai munka sani Sardauna
Waɗannan shaharrun karin magana ne da sarkawa suka keɓanta da su. Bugu da ƙari, ambatar “taru” da “nasa kifi gora ba saka shi ba” ya
ƙara tabbatar muna da cewa makaɗa Narambaɗa basarke ne ɗan sarkawa. Mai
tababa ya dubi shawarar da ya ba Alƙali Abu:
Jagora: In ka ishe gulbi ya cike
:Ko
ba kowa ko ka iya
Yara: Koma ka tsaya ganga ka kwan
Gindi: Ya ɗau girma ya san yabo
:Mu
zo mu ga Alƙali Abu.
Tabbas ko ba a yi fashin baƙi ba sarkawa kaɗai
suka san da:
Jagora: Mai masaki ba shi gasa da mai jirgi
:In
dai ruwa sui ruwa
Yara: Mai masaki ba shi fis she ka
:Amma
mai jirgi yana kai ka wajje.
Gindi: Alƙali shiri nai da kyawo
:Shi
yai zaune daidai-wa-daidai
Narambaɗa masanin tudu da rahi ne da karkarar da Bahaushe ke shaƙatawa a ciki. Fitaccen ɗan wasa ne gaba da baya. Mawaƙin da ya yi irin wannan rayuwa dole ya yi ƙoshin kalmomi da dabarar sarrafa su yadda zai burge masu
saurarensa.
Wutar
Makaranta
Zamanin da
aka haifi su Narambaɗa ba
a san boko ba, suna dottiɓensu boko ya baƙunci ƙasar Hausa. Babban inuwar da suka taras ita ce makarantar
allo wanda duk bai amfanu da ilminta ba jahili ne. Malam mai Salati Limamin
Tubali abokin Narambaɗa ya
tabbatar mini cewa Ibrahim Narambaɗa almajiri ne sosai, ya sauke Alƙur’ani ya ratsi
littattafan furu’a har zuwa Risala.[19] Haƙiƙa biri ya yi kama da mutum domin
irin kayan da Kumbo ta ɗauko
sun tabbata nata domin sun yi kama da ita. Waƙar Alƙali Abu hujja ce
babba a faɗarsa:
Jagora: An wa wani Alƙalin ƙasa
:Da babu sani taw walwale
:Bai
san amma ba bai san sabbi ba
Yara: Shi sai shi tsare “min” “nun guda”
:Can
gaba kau “raa” “baa guje”
Jagora: Iyakar sanin an nan
Gindi: Ya ɗau girma ya san yabo
:Mu
zo mu ga Alƙali Abu
A cikin darzajen Bakandamiya ya yi
hannunka mai sanda ga wutar makarantar da ta ratsi shi, yana cewa:
Jagora: Shi ko makaɗi
Yara: Ya gyara turu daidai an nan
Jagora: Ni kau kun gane ni na dahe turuna
Yara: Sai zuba waƙa nikai kama da ta Alfa Zazi
Gindi: Gwauron
Shamaki na Malam toron giwa
:Babban
Dodo ba a tamma da batun banza.
Alfa Zazi Madihin Annabi (SAW) ne, shi
kuwa Ibrahim Narambaɗa Madihin Sarkin Gobir na Isa Amadu Bawa
ne, lallai Narambaɗa ba bisa jahilci yake zuba waƙa ba, domin ya san:
Jagora: Duk ɗan malamin da yaƙ ƙi batun Allah
:Yak kaɗe baƙi
Yara: To! Allah Shi na watse kaya nai
Jagora: Shi kama yawo
Yara: Yan nan gidan har ya zan kango
Gindi: Gagarau mu buge Kangara Ali ‘Yandoto
:Ba
ya son wargi, ba a kai mai batun banza
A wajen waƙar Alƙali Abu, baƙaƙen da aka yi lugude na min
nun guda raa baa guje magana ce babba daga
“min rabbi”… Babu wanda zai fahimci muhimmancin Alfa Zazi in ba Ishiriniyarsa
ya ratsa ba.[20]
Zancen “kaɗe baƙi” da zaman gida “kango” kalmomin fannu ne sai wanda ya
zauni buzun karatu soai. Kaɗe baƙi shi ne taushe sani a yi biris
da shi. Kangon gida a zaure ana nufin gidan da babu almajiri, ya zama mataccen
gida ke nan.
Kamar
Kumbo Kamar Kayanta
Maganganun
da mutum ke furtawa hoto ne na rayuwarsa ta fuskar ɗabi’unsa da abubuwan da yake so da waɗanda ba ya so. A cikin fuskokin waƙoƙin Narambaɗa abubuwan da za a karanto halayensa tsaf da ko shi bai
isa ya musanta su ba.[21] Daga cikin halayen kowa
ya shaidi Ibrahim Narambaɗa da su akwai son gaskiya da tsayawa a kanta. Wannan ce ke ba shi damar koɗa gaskiya a cikin jigon yabo na waƙoƙinsa. Fitattu daga ciki akwai:
Jagora: Na hore ki gaskiya bari tsoron ƙarya
Yara: Mai ƙarya munahuki Allah su yaƙ ƙi
:Har
yau ba mu ga in da an ka yi mai ƙarya
:Amma
ita gaskiya gari da mutane tay yi
A
koyaushe, mai son gaskiya ba ya da maƙiyi sai maƙaryaci da ƙarya. Babban
zambo ga Narambaɗa shi ne ya yi
shaidun mutum da ƙarya. Tanadin
da Bahaushe ke yi wa maƙaryaci
na a turke shi,[22]
yana daga cikin manyan ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa:
Jagora: Taro na tambaye ku
:Shin
ko wag ga wuta
:An
ka ce a ɗebo wa
ka zuwa?
Yara: Wanda yag gani ka zuwa
:Ko
was shadi shi ka shan rana
:In bai tai ba yai batun banza
:Ko can
yanzu shi batun banza
:Daɗin hwaɗi garai.
Gindi: Ya ci maza yak wan shi na shire
:Gamda’aren
Sarkin Tudu Bala.
Da an ce mutum ma’aboci gaskiya ne za a taras ɗabi’unsa na masu gaskiya ne. Duk da kasancewar Narambaɗa makaɗi ba ya zama inuwa ɗaya
da dottijon banza maɓannaci,
watau mazinaci. Daga cikin manyan miyagun kalamai da zai yi wa mutum shi ne ya
jefe shi da kula wa matan da ba halalinsa ba. Ya
fito da wannan jigo cikin waƙar,
“Koma Shirin Daga…”
Jagora: Dut ɗan Sarkin da kag ga ya lalace
:Ya
shiga was an bori
:Ba
shi da niyyar Sarki
… … … … … … … … … … …
Jagora: Katakoro zakara, Katakoro zakara
:Koma
shirin Daga
:Gwauron
Bahago ɗan Iro.
Narambaɗa
ya zargi wani Ɗangaladima
da irin halin yana faɗar:
Jagora/Yara: Yana
shewa mata shi ka kira
Gindi: Ya ci maza ya kwan shi na shiri
:Uban
zakara Dodo na Amadu.
Ɗabi’un son gaskiya da
dage wa kanta ya sa wasu mutane na ganin Narambaɗa
hutsu mai taurin kai buwai shiri domin ba ya son magana biyu a rayuwarsa. Halinsa da na Sardaunan Isa sun yi canjaras ga faɗarsa:
Jagora: Dut Sarkin da kas sani
:Basaraken
da kas sani
:Amadu
ya hi shi ƙane shiryayye
Yara: Babu batun banza kuba sakewa
:Kuma
in yai tsaye ba mai kausai[24]
Gindi: Na riƙa ka da
girma
:Audu ƙanen mai daga
:Kan da mu san kowa
:Kai mun ka sani Sardauna.
Tattare da
haka, duk wanda ya kusanci Narambaɗa ya san shi da haƙuri da kau da kai ga ƙananan kurakurai da manya ga abokan hulɗa. Da uban gidansa Sarkin
Gobir Amadu ya ɗan kuskure shi a taron da ba a sanar da
shi ba, cewa ya yi:
Jagora: Wani taro da an ka zo
:Ni
ban zo ba ka yi dottaku
:Ina
gidanmu labari yak kai min
Yara: Ga dottiɓe zaune gun hanya kak kawo
:Kac
ce Siddi Sa su gun mota haƙ Ƙaura
:Daƙ Ƙaura ka kai su Morikki
da gaggawa
:Sarkin
Ɓurmi na hwaɗin ka daɗe kai ƙarƙo
:To rannan kay yi taka
:Kay yi ta mai ɗan ƙarhi.
Waƙoƙin
Narambaɗa A
Duniyar Adabin Hausa
Ga
binciken da na yi, waƙoƙin Narambaɗa da ke hannunmu a yau ‘yan kaɗan ne ƙwarai. Waƙoƙin da ya yi da ba su samu shiga garmaho
da gidan rediyo ba sun fi yawa.[25] An ce tsakanin Tudu Alu
da Sarkin Gobir Amadu ya yi musu waƙoƙin da za su kai ɗari. Ina kyautata zaton waƙoƙin da ya yi sun kai tsakanin 500-1000
haɗa da na kokuwa na noma da na
farauta da na gayya. A taƙaice, za mu karkasa waƙoƙinsa kamar haka:
ii.
Bakandamiyarsa ita ce
Gwarzon Shamaki.[27]
v.
Waƙoƙinsa sun shiga kowane
lungu ƙasar
Hausa.
vi.
Kafafen yaɗa
labarai na gida da wajen sun taimaka wajen barbaza waƙoƙinsa.
vii.
Waƙoƙinsa da suka ɓata sun zarce na
hannu yawa.
Narambaɗa AFasahar Waƙa
Narambaɗa ba kai kaɗai gayya ne ba a wajen fasahar waƙa, yana da ‘yan
amshi ƙwararru masu murya ɗaya.[30] Idan
yana zuba waƙa
ba a iya rarrabe muryoyin yaransa domin sun shige wa juna a ɗauka
tare a aje tare. ‘Yan amshinsa ba irin ‘yan amshin Shata ba ne, su ‘yan faɗi-in-faɗi
ne da amshi-iyas.[31] A fagen
waƙa
Narambaɗa
ne jagora, amma da muhawara ta shiga dole ne ya ba su gari, domin sai an zauna
da su a gida an yi tin-da-tin a kan kowace waƙa, da duk ya saɓa
ko wahami ya ja shi ba za a bi shi ba, yaro zai shafi taushi a rausaya rawa sai
ya dawo ga bagiren da yara suka tabbatar.[32] Wannan
ja-in-ja sau biyu ta auku a shahararrun waƙoƙinsa cikin waƙar:
Jagora: Da a ce ku gai da ɗan mai taru
Ya ce:
Jagora: Da a ce ku gai da ɗan mai gona
Yara suka
koma ga gindin asali na gida.
Yara: Ginshiƙin
Haliru uban zagi na Malam Isa
:Gagarau
jikan Shehu Iro toron giwa
Ya ce:
Jagora: Ginshimin Haliru uban zagi na Malam Isa
:Gogaran
jikan Shehu Iro mai Shanawa.
Suka tilasta shi komawa ga “toron
giwa”
Yana daga cikin zalaƙar Narambaɗa
in ya yi waƙa
ba ya maimaita salonta na rerawa da sarrafa kayan cikinta na azanci. An shede
shi cewa ko ya maimaita ɗan waƙa sai ya yi ƙaƙale na sassauya shi. Ga ɗan
misali a duba:
Jagora: Ɗan
Sarki da yay yi doro
:Har
yay yi ɗan ƙusumbi
Yara: Hwauhwau ba ka jin an naɗai Sarki
Jagora: Ɗan
Sarkin da yay yi doro
:Har
yay yi ɗan ƙusumbi
:Abu
dai cumui-cumui[34]
Yara: Hwauhwau ba ka jin an naɗai Sarki
Jagora: Ga su can ƙasaisanmu
Yara: Irinsu ba su ƙulla komai ba
Gindi: Gagarau mai buge Kangara Ali ‘Yandoto
:Ba
ya son wargi ba a kai mai batun banza
Fasahar Narambaɗa
Ga Matarkan Bayan Fage
Masu sauraron adabi da ba masu nazarin adabi a ilmance ba su na yi wa suna
“matarka bayan fage”. Da yawa za a taras, sun san waƙoƙin ciki da waje, kuma da kowane
masani waƙa suna jayayya a kan ƙunshiyar waƙar da suka sani
a saurare su amma ba manazarta waƙa ne ba a
ilmance. Shaharar Narambaɗa
ta sa su sha’awar sauraronsa har suke yanke hukuncin cewa:
1.
Waƙoƙin Narambaɗa kamar karatu
ne, ba don kiɗi ba, ko a masallaci a rera su.
2.
Ba a
taɓa tsintuwar zagi tsirara ko wata yasasshiyar magana ta
assha ba a waƙoƙinsa.
3.
Giyar
waƙa ba ta taɓa jan Narambaɗa ya yi izgili ko zantukan ɓatanci ba.
4.
A
cikin waƙoƙinsa ba za a tsinci sunan mutum kai tsaye da sunan zambo
ba. A nawa bincike, sunan mutum uku kawai suka taɓa bijirowa,
Zangai, Yaɗɗamna da Magatakarda, kai hatta da su sakaye aka yi.[35]
5.
A
cikin waƙoƙin da ya ƙware na Sarauta
bai taɓa cin fuska ko cin zarafin wani Sarki ko ɗan Sarauta ba,
sai dai hannunka-mai-sanda.
6.
Narambaɗa ya riski
zamanin siyasar Nijeriya ta Jamhuriyyar farko amma bai taɓa yi wa siyasa
ko ɗan siyasa waƙa ba.[36]
7.
Sarkin
Gobir Amadu ne uban gidan Narambaɗa har Narambaɗa ya bar duniya ba su rabu ba kuma bai taɓa yin wata waƙa da ta fi ta uban gidansa tsaruwa da shiga jiki da
azanci ba.[37]
Wuyar Aiki Ba A Fara ba
An haifi Narambaɗa
a Tubali an rufe shi a Tubali. Akwai maganganu barkatai kan mutuwarsa amma a haƙiƙanin gaskiya gajeruwar
jinya ya yi.[38]
Hirarsa ta ƙarshe
ya yi ta a Shinkafi lokacin da Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo
ya kai ziyara a can. Bayan rasuwarsa yaransa sun yi bibiyar wasu shahararrun waƙoƙinsa ba su yi tsawon
rayuwa ba suka wuce. ‘Yarsa Hajo ita
ta makaro daga cikin zuriyarsa ita ta
rasu 2017/18. Narambaɗa ya
mutu da buri biyu a zuciya: Na farko, burin zuwa aikin Haji, Allah bai nufa ba.
Allahu Akbar! Wani bawan Allah Ya sa an yi masa aikin bayan mutuwarsa. Na biyu,
ya yi niyyar ya tuba da kiɗi ya koma makaranta, Allah bai ƙaddara ba. Ƙuduri na farko ya furta
shi a Ƙaurar
Namoda gidan Ɗandurgu.
Jagora: Ba kuɗɗi nif fi so ba
:Na
fi buƙatar a ji
Yara: Ka hau Arfa da shi
Gindi: Alhaji Ɗandurgu taimakon Allah ag garai
:Na lura da duniya akwai namijin arziki
Burin
tuba da waƙa
ya ambace shi a Isa cikin waƙar
Sardaunan Isa:
Jagora: Fatata ka yi Sarki Isa
:In
yi ma waƙa kowa shi jiya
Yara: Na riƙa ka da girma Audu ƙane mai daga
:Kan
da mu san kowa, kai munka sani Sardauna
Faɗuwa Ga Ƙwallo Gwaninta
Bahaushen
na da ra’in da ke cewa: mutum duk ɗan tara ne bai cika goma ba. Ai don haka ne Bahaushe ke cewa: ana wata haka
in ji gwanin rawa da ya faɗi. Akwai ‘yan wurare da dama da wahami kan ja Narambaɗa ya yi kure ko ya rage givi amma masu sauraro ba su hango ba, ko sun hango sai su yi
masa fassarar wani sabon salo shiƙa da daddare in
ji kaza. Bari mu fara da Bakandamya da yake cewa:
Jagora: A yini ruwa a kwan ruwa kwaɗɗo sai lela
Yara: Shi burgu na cikin rima wahala ta
cimmai
Wannan
Bakandamiya ce, wanda ake yabo shi ne Sarkin Gobir Amadu waɗanda ake kushewa su ne ‘yan adawarsa. To! Mai lela cikin
ruwa shi ne Sarkin Gobir waɗanda wahala ta cimma su ne ‘yan adawa. A nan, za mu ce Sarkin Gobir ne “kwaɗɗo”? Babu laifi don an cewa ‘yan adawa burgu “gafiya”.
Ambaton gwarzon Sarki da sunan “kwaɗo” kuskure ne, domin “kwaɗo” a al’adar mawaƙan Hausa zambo
ake yi da shi. Ai shi da kansa Narambaɗa ya yi wa wani zambo da “kwaɗo” yana cewa:
Jagora: Kwaɗɗon gada ab bikin tabki
Yara: Bana
yai kuka hay ya rame
:Jiya
na ga shi bai zan kowa ba
Gindi: Bai ɗau wargi ba na Jekada
:Na
Majikira baban ‘yan kwana
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin gabatarwar
Bakandamiya yana cewa:
Jagora: Wanda yaz zaka kallo ya karkaɗe kunnenai
Yara: Ga makandamiya za ni yi cikin manyan
waƙoƙi
Ga al’ada, mai kallo idanu zai buɗe
ƙwala-ƙwala, mai sauraro zai
karkaɗe
kunne. Babu shakka wahami ya ja makaɗa da ya cewa ɗan
kallo: “ya karkaɗe kunnenai”.
A waƙar “Niƙatau” Santsi ya sake jan
tunanin makaɗa
da yake cewa:
Jagora: Mu ci tuwo cikin nama
:Mu
sha hura cikin nono
:Mi
talakka yas samu
Yara: Sai dai shi ci ɗan wake
Gindi: Niƙatau bajinin
Macciɗo
:Daɗinka halin girma
:Ya
tada gidan Dandiɓa
:Ya ta da gidan Masu
Ba
a cin tuwo cikin nama sai dai a ci tuwo da nama. Haka kuma, ba a shan fura
cikin nono sai dai a sha hura da nono. Ai a waƙar Magajin Shinkafi da
irin wannan batu ya tuzgo cewa ya yi:
Jagora: Mai kamak ka Ibrahim ka ga
:Ya
sha hura da nono ƙundum!
:Ya
ci tuwo da nama ga sutura
:Ga shi
had da doki da ɗamre
Yara: Da yab biye mutanen zamani
:Sun ka
kai shi hanyaɓ ɓanna
:Ga
yaggiyar ruwa sunka kai shi
Jagora: (Yau) Ga shi nan da ragga tinjim!
Yara: Dole sai biɗan rumbace
Gindi: Madogara na Malam Iro
:Uban Bawa mai gida Shinkafi
A nan, ina ganin babu wani batu na cewa ‘yancin mawaƙi ne da sarrafa magana yadda ya so, a a ha kure ne, kuma
kowa bai wuce ya yi shi ba.
Irin
gogaggen mawaƙi kamar Narambaɗa da ake ganin waƙarsa karatu ce,
za a so a ji duk wata magana ya ɓantalo ya yi mata warki daidai da kwankwasonta. Ga
wata magana da nake hangen tana da givin da ba a cike ba.
Jagora: Ka ga kashi biyu na da wuyak kwasa
Yara: Shi wane kashi huɗu yak kwasa (ɗ2)
Jagora: Shi ka yi ma rowa, ya yi ma sharri
Yara: Sannan ya yi ƙaunar
matarka
Jagora: Amma wani wajje na ƙwarai na
Yara: Yana da tsaron maganar Sarki
:Kuma
ba shi hwaɗa sai
an ja shi
Gindi: Ɗibgau
bajinin Sarkin Yaƙi
:Gwarzon
bahago ɗan
Ibrahim
Na rawaye waɗannan
ɗiyan
waƙa
ban ga kashi huɗu ba, na dai ga: rowa, sharri, ƙaunar matarka, uku ke
nan. A wajen kirkinsa an ce: tsaron maganar Sarki, ba ya faɗa
sai an ja shi, wasu kashi biyu ke nan ko an haɗe
su sai su koma biyar in an raba su da 3 da 2. Ba a cika givi
ba ke nan, hikima ba ta fito ba.
Sakamakon Bincike
Narambaɗa
makaɗi
ne da fasaharsa ke shiga zukatan mutane ta kowace fuska. Shi kaɗai
ya kai matsayin ya burge na bayan fage, ya gigita Sarakuna, ya ba makaɗa
‘yan uwansa mamaki. Babu wani makaɗi da ya shahara a ƙasar Hausa face yana jin
daɗin
waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
kuma su yi naso a cikin fasaharsa. Don haka binciken da na yi game da rayuwar
Narambaɗa
da shahararsa da gawurtarsa a fagen waƙa
na gano cewa, mawaƙi
a wannan zamani ba ya gawurta ya buwaya wajen fasaha face:
i.
Yana da ilmi mai zurfi na
addinin Musulunci ko ya kusanci malamai sosai da sosai.
ii.
Ya kasance wani fitacce
daga cikin manya-manyan sana’o’in gargajiya na Hausa ko ya gada ko ɗan
haye ne amma ya ƙware.
iii.
Ya zamo mai kyakkyawar
hulɗa da mutane wanda ya san
mutane ciki da waje musamman abubuwan da suke ƙauna da akasinsu.
iv.
Ya zauni ƙauye sosai tare da sanin
adabin gargajiya matuƙa.
v.
Na dai fahimci Narambaɗa
gajere ne ƙato
sosai dottijo ga shekaru da hali, amma
yaransa matasa ne daga muryoyinsu. Narambaɗa
ƙauye
ya tashi amma ya fi ƙarfin
ƙauye
da wayo da hankali da karatu. Mai
hangen nesa ne da sanin ya kamata idan aka lura da fasahar zambonsa cikin waƙoƙinsa. Tabbas! Mai kamun kai ne da
kunya da mutunta mutuncin mutane. Na yarda da cewa
kamar Kumbo kamar Kayanta.
Shawarwari
Yau shekarar da muke ciki 2019 Makaɗa
Narambaɗa
ya shekara 56 da rasuwa. Babban abin da za a tuna har yanzu ba a yi wani aikin
babban digirin MA, Mphil, ko PhD a kansa ba. Haka kuma har yanzu ba a samo
hotonsa ba. Yaransa masu yi masa amshi da zuriyarsa da Sarakunan da ya yi wa waƙoƙi duk sun ƙare. Ina son in yi amfani
da wannan damar in ce:
1.
Jami’ar Bayero, Kano tare
da taimakon wannan Cibiya a sake tattaro waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
a taskace su.
2.
A gaggauta buga takardun
da aka tace na wannan taron.
3.
A samu wata kujera ta
musamman da za a samo wa kuɗin
bincike a yi mata suna NARAMBAƊA.
4.
Ina ba da shawarar
Jami’ar Bayero, Kano da Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria da Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo, Sakkwato da
Jami’ar Tarayya ta Gusau ɗayansu
ya ba makaɗa Narambaɗa
digirin girmamawa (PhD) na Falsafa ko Adabin Baka.
5.
Ina roƙo kowace Jami’a da ake
nazarin Hausa a ƙirƙiro darasi na musamman
mai suna NARAMBAƊA.
Naɗewa
A fagen zambo da arashi Buda Ɗantanoma[40] ya
zarce tsara. A fagen kiɗin maza Ɗan’anace ne limami.[41] Idan
ana zancen waƙoƙin tauri Kassu Zurmi ne
basarake.[42]
A waƙoƙin baje koli ga jama’a
tsakanin Shata[43]
da Ɗanƙwairo[44] ake
jayayya. A zuga Sarki, a gigita fada da masarauta sai Aliyu Ɗandawo.[45] A kiɗin
sata ba a yi kama da Gambo mijin Kulu ba.[46] A waƙoƙin ɓurɓushin
zuciya da sha’awarta Haruna Oji da Ɗanmatawalle sun san Ɗanmaraya malami ne.[47] A ƙasar Hausa, babu
masarautar da ba ta da shahararren makaɗi
na a ji makaɗi,
a ga makaɗi,
amma a bagiren kiɗin sarauta, a zuguguta sarki, a cicciɓa fada,
a kumbura fadawanta, a yi wa masarautun fada da ‘ya’yan sarauta furjin kyanwa
da an mabaci malamin kiɗi Narambaɗa
karatu ya kai sin-wau-raa-takuri, babu sauran zance maƙoƙo ya fito a bakin zabiya.
Jagora: A yini kiɗi a kwan kiɗi ba zancen banza
Yara: A azo tubalin yabo a yi zambo daidai
Jagora: Kalmomi suna fita harshe rarara
Yara: ‘Yan kallo su yo kari ko ba su shiryo
ba
Jagora: Waƙa babu
izgili shagwaɓa ko
batsa
Yara: Tamkar Busari da Malam Alfa Zazi
Jagora: Ka ji waƙa kama
da ilhama sun zan ɗai
Yara: Sai ɗan Tubali Narambaɗa ba ƙarya ba
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamakin mawaƙan
rumbun Hausa
:Ibrahimu
babu shakka ba a cimma ba
Jagora: Wa Ɗandada
wa Alu nan wane Gurso
Yara: Wane Jankiɗi da Zamau mai ɗan Kotso
Jagora: Ɗebe
batun Nagaya ko Akwara yat taso
Yara: Ko Shata da shi da Kurna yayan Ƙwairo
Jagora: Ba su kama da Iro mai murya ratata
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamakin mawaƙan
rumbun Hausa
:Ibrahimu babu shakka ba a
cimma ba.
Yara: Makaɗan ganguma dama da kalangun mata
Jagora: ‘Yan goge da tsirkiya molo sun ɓuya
Yara: Iro da ya fito fage ba zancen ƙwarya
Jagora: Masu zari gudu sukai tun bai kawo ba
Gindi: Gwarzon Shamakin mawaƙan
rumbun Hausa
:Ibrahimu
babu shakka ba a cimma ba.
(Aliyu
Bunza, Jumu’a 26/07/2019)
MANAZARTA
Aliyu, M. S. (1980) “Ahmadu Ɗanmatawalle” Kundin
digirin BA, Kano: Jami’ar Bayero Kano.
Auta, A. L. (1986) “Gudunmuwar Waƙoƙin Makaɗan
Baka Dangane da Adana Tarihi” Kundin digirin MA, Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Bello, G. (1976) “Yabo, zuga da zambo
a Waƙoƙin Sarauta” Harsunan Nijeriya
6:21-34.
Bello, S. (1979) “Narambaɗa
da Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin digirin BA,
Zaria: Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello.
Bunza, A. M. (1998) “Naƙalin Diddigin Jirwayin
Rayuwar Narambaɗa Cikin Falsafar Luguden Kalmomin Waƙoƙinsa”, Takarda Sokoto:
Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo.
Bunza, A. M. (2009) Narambaɗa.
Lagos: IBRASH Publications.
Bunza, A. M. (2014) In ba ka San Gari ba Saurari Daka: Muryar Nazari Cikin
Tafashen Gambo.
Cairo: ELKODS Printing House.
Burton, S. H. (1954) The Critisms of Poetry
London: Longman.
Daba, H. A. (1973) “Ɗanmaraya mai Kuntugi da
Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin digirin BA,
Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Dalhatu, M. (1977) “Individual Talent in Hausa
Poetic Tradition: A Study if Aƙilu Aliyu and His Art” PhD Thesis, London: SOAS,
University of London.
Dawaki, A. M. (1974) “Alhaji Ɗanƙwairo Maradun: Rayuwarsa
da Waƙoƙinsa” Kundin digirin BA,
Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Ɗangambo, A. (1973) “Shata da Waƙoƙinsa” Kundin digirin BA,
Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Ɗanjuma, M. S. (1982) “Rabe-Raben Waƙoƙin Hausa da Tasirinsu ga
Rayuwa a Ƙasar
Hausa”, Kundin digirin MA, Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Furnis, G. (1996) Poetry, Prose and Popular Culture in Hausa.
Ibadan: University Press.
Gusau, M. S. (1987) “Jerin Wasu Waƙoƙin Ibrahim Narambaɗa
Tubali”, Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Gusau, S. M. (1996) Makaɗa da Mawaƙan Hausa.
Kaduna: FISBAS Media.
Gusau, S. M. (2002) Salihu Jankiɗi Sarkin Taushi.
Kaduna: Baraka Publishers.
Haliru, A. (1982) “Aliyu Ɗandawo da Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin digirin BA,
Sakkwato: Jami’ar Sakkwato.
Ibrahim, M. S. (1983) Kowa Ya Sha Kiɗa. Zaria: Longman,
Nigeria.
Magaji, A. (1980) “Nazari a kan
Rayuwa da Waƙoƙin Alhaji Kassu Zurmi”
Kundin digirin BA, Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Mahe, A. (1984) “Alhaji Ɗan’anace da Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin digirin BA,
Sakkwato: Jami’ar Sakkwato.
Muhammed, I. (1977) “Waƙoƙin Maza na Ɗan’anace”, Kundin digirin
BA Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Mungafi, B. G. (1985) “Waƙar Gagara Ƙarya Sadauki ta Marigayi
Buda Ɗantanoma”,
Kundin digirin BA, Zaria: Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello.
Mukhtar, I. (1984) “Nahawun Waƙa: Yanaye-yanayensa da
Sigoginsa cikin Rubutattun Waƙoƙin Hausa”, Kundin MA,
Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Rasmussen, D. (1975) Poetry and Truth. Paris: Monton.
Shinkafi, S. I. (1998) “Shahararrun
Waƙoƙin Makaɗa
Ibrahim Narambaɗa Tubali (1975-1960)” Kundin digirin BA
Sakkwato: Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo.
Sulaima, I. I. (1983) “Waƙoƙin Ɓarayi”, Kundin digirin
BA, Zaria: Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello.
Udu, A. (1972) “Comparism of Narambaɗa
and Aliyu Ɗandawo”,
BA thesis, Zaria: Ahmadu Bello University.
Umar, M. B. (1985) Ɗanmaraya Jos, Ibadan: University
Press.
Zagga, U. (1980) “Jankiɗi
da Waƙoƙinsa” Kundin digirin BA,
Kano: Jami’ar Bayero.
Zurmi, M. A. (1986) “Rayuwar Kassu
Zurmi da Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin BA,
Sakkwato: Jami’ar Sakkwato.
[1] Laƙabin farko da ake yi wa
Ibrahim gabanin Narambaɗa shi ne, Iron Riba ko
ko na Riba. “Riba” ne laƙabin
mahaifiyarsa.
[2] Duk
da kasancewar ba a yi babban aikin PhD a kan Narambaɗa ba amma an yi kundayen BA da NCE da muƙalu da yawa. Marigayi
Sani Y. Sada Katsina ya fara PhD a kansa har aikin ya yi nisa amma ba a kammala
ba. Sa’idu Muhammadu Gusau ya wallafa waƙoƙin Narambaɗa da dama a diwaninsa na
waƙoƙin bakan Hausa.
[3] Na
samu tattaunawa da Alhaji Ɗanyadoto
Shinkafi da Malam Ibrahim Shinkafi yaron
Mr. Wilson mahayi Ɗanhilinge
da Hajo ‘yar Narambaɗa da ɗiyar ‘ɗan amshinsa Mai’sa’a da
,Malam mai Salati abokin Narambaɗa.
[4] Masana
sirrin waƙoƙin Narambaɗa da na sani su ne
Alhaji Ɗanyadodo
Shinkafi ya hardace mafi yawan waƙoƙin Narambaɗa. Bugu da ƙari, shi ne mai masaukin Narambaɗa duk
lokacin da ya je Shinkafi. Malam
Mai Salati ya fi kowa sanin sirrin waƙoƙin da fashin baƙinsu.
[5] Idan
muka ce babu ranar da za mu fara saka namu tunani ke nan muna cikin mulkin
mallaka a ilmance, wanda shi ne mafi haɗari dole mu fita cikin wannan ƙangi. Me ke
cikin ra’o’in ilmi da babu cikin tunanin magabatanmu?
[6] Tunanin kowace al’umma yana nan cikin karuruwan
maganganunta da zantukansu na hikima da waƙe-waƙensu. Da wace
hujja za mu ilmantar da yaranmu da tunanin wasu?
[7] Masana sun tabbatar da cewa karin magana maganganun
magabata ne da aka tsara bisa ga abubuwan da aka sani na dogon zamani kuma aka
haƙiƙance
kasancewarsu dahir. Ba
a samu takin saƙa
cikin saƙonsu
da abubuwan da ke wakana na haƙiƙa ba. Masana sun ce babu
wani abu da ke ƙarƙashin gizagizai da karin
magana bai taɓo ba. Ina daga cikin
masu ganin karin magana a matsayin ra’o’in magabata da suka cancanci a ɗora bincike a kansu.
[8] Laƙabin farko da ake yi wa
Ibrahim gabanin Narambaɗa shi ne, Iron Riba ko
ko na Riba. “Riba” ne laƙabin
mahaifiyarsa.
[9] Sa’idu
Muhammad Gusau ya faɗa a cikin littafinsa Makaɗa
da Mawaƙan Hausa
cewa, ga nahaifiyarsa ya gaji kotson kiɗi da ta gado ga mahaifinta.
Mahaifinta bai samu ɗa namiji ba, don haka
aka kwaso kaya zuwa ga jika.
[10] Akwai
makaɗan Sarauta, Makaɗan Maza, Makaɗan Jama’a, Makaɗan Yaƙi, Makaɗan Sha’awa, Makaɗan Ban Dariya, Makaɗan Sata, Makaɗan Gayya, ga su nan dai.
[11] Sarkin
Gobir na Isa mai ci yanzu (2019) ya tabbatar mini da cewa waƙar Sarkin Kware: “Hawo
da shirin yaƙi
amali marinjayi” ta yaƙi
ce: Waƙar
Sarki Ɗankulodo,
“Na Yari mai halin Tcagarana” ta yaƙi ce.
[13] Malam
Farfesa Ɗandatti
Abdulƙadir
a taron ƙaddamar
da littafin Narambaɗa, 2008 a Arewa House
Kaduna ya ce, ya taɓa riskar Alhaji Mamman
Shata na sauraron Narambaɗa ya ce masa: “A a makaɗa har da ku kuna
sauraron waƙar
wani”? Shata ya ce “Ai wannan ba makaɗi ba
ne malami ne”.
[14] A koyaushe kafafen yaɗa
labarai na iya shaƙatawa da
Narambaɗa amma ba mu taɓa jin an ce, a
shaƙata da jawabin Sarki wane ba. Turawa sun ce, in ba ka son sunanka
ya ɓata: “plant a tree,
father a child, or author a book your name will neɓer be forgotten”.
Jagora: Wasu sun so ni ban taho ba nan
Jagora/Yara: Da an ka ce Alu as Sarkin ga na taho
Gindi: Yai halin mazan jiya
:Ɗan Sanda mai
kwatarkwashi
[16] Wannan
waƙar
an ce a ƙauyen
Tubali aka yi ta yayin da Narambaɗa
ya je bikon matarsa da ta yi yaji, Sarkin Gobir ya tura masa damman abinci babu
adadi, wasu sun ce “dubu”. Ga bakin Alhaji Ɗanyadodo na karvi waƙar na rubuta.
[18] Wannan
togiyar ita ce waskiya domin makaɗan
da aka toge su ne Zamfara, in babu su, babu kiɗi Zamfara.
[19] A
zamaninsu Narambaɗa ana ƙyarga gari ashirin (20)
ba a samu almajirin da ya kai ga Risala ba a karatun sani. Ashe
ko a zaure, Narambaɗa
ya kai malam.
[20] Wanda
duk ya ratsi Ishiriniyya a wannan lokaci ya kai
duk inda malami ke kai wa a ƙasar
Hausa. Karatun Ishiriniyya ya haifar da mawaƙa da
yawa a ƙasar Hausa.
[21] Kowace
waƙa
mawaƙi
ya ƙaga
za a samu nason rayuwarsa kaca-kaca a ciki sai ga wanda bai san shi ba.
Jagora: Maganar nan da wane yai mini
Yara: Sai na hwaɗe ta amma sai jama’a ta taru
Gindi: Koma shirin Daga
:Gwarzon Bahago ɗan Iro
Jagjora: In ƙarya gare
shi ta ƙara
:Ya
kai ga mayanki ƙauna
A nan an fito da turke maƙaryaci ƙarara.
[25] An ce, an yi daga da Narambaɗa
sosai kafin ya yarda gidan Rediyo su ɗauki waƙoƙinsa. Dole sai
da aka je da mota har Isa aka ɗauki muryoyinsu. An ce, da aka ɗauki
waƙarsa, aka sa ya ji, nan take jikinsa ya kwashi mazari
kamar ya ruga a guje don bai taɓa sanin ana haka nan ba. Direban da ya kai su wajen
Narambaɗa sai da ya roƙi gafara ga Narambaɗa don ya ga
tashin hankali ainun. Sannu-sannu
har ya saba.
[30] A
tsarin ‘yan amshinsa waɗanda suka fi ƙwarewa da su aka fita
yawon waƙa
wajen ƙasar
Isa da Zamfara. Waɗanda
ba su ba, su ake bari gida ana gagarawa har murya ta bi ragwai.
[31] A luguden amshin faɗi-in-faɗi da
duk makaɗa ya aje za su yi kwakwahe irin yadda ke gudana a
bakandamiya.
[35] Zangai wani masahayi ne da shaye-shaye suka haukata, shi
ne na farko a garin Isa. Yaɗɗamna karuwa ce, Magatakarda kuwa, shi ne Magatakardar
Sarkin Ɗankulodo na Maraɗi, an
ce ba su shiri da Sarkinsa don haka aka gayyato makaɗa
Narambaɗa. Ya ambace su kamar haka:
Jagora: Zangai kai ni ka so
Yara: Ba ni son maƙwabcin Zangai
(Sardauna Kangaren Magajin
Rwahi)
Jagora: Magatakarda da Bunsuruna
Yara: Dan a sayo shi na kai ma kura
(Ciwon Cikin Maza Ɗankuloda)
[37] Wannan
shi ya nuna Narambaɗa bai da kamar Sarkin
Gobir. Da ya je fadar Ƙaura
ya yi wa Sarkin Kiyawa Abubakar waƙa da ya ga ta ɗan soma zurewa ya ce:
Jagora: Da sanin dattaku da girma
:Da tsaron aikin ga na zamani
:In dai ba ka koma
Isa ba
Yara: Mai Ƙaura
babu awa shi
[39] Na
samu wannan baitin/ɗan waƙa ga bakin Marigayi
Alhaji Ɗanyadodo Shinkafi. Ba ya cikin ɗan waƙar da ake rera wa a
rediyo.
[41] Don
ƙarin
bayani a kan Ɗan’anace
a dubi, Mahe, A. 1985 “Ɗan’anace
da Waƙoƙinsa”, Kundin digirin
BA, Jami’ar Sakkwato.
[45] Don
ƙarin
bayani a kan Gambo a dubi Bunza, A. M. In Ba Ka
San Gari Ba Saurari Daka: Muryar Nazari Cikin Tafashen Gambo.
[47] Ana samun cikakken bayanin Ahmadu Ɗanmatawalle
cikin Aliyu, M. S. (1980) “Ahmadu
Ɗanmatawalle”,
Kundin BA, Jami’ar Bayero, Kano. Bayani kan Ɗanmaraya Jos, a dubi Daba, H. A.
(1973) “Ɗanmaraya
Mai Kuntugi da Waƙoƙinsa”,
Kundin BA, Jami’ar Bayero, Kano.
No comments:
Post a Comment